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Old June 12th, 2016 #61
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Vasily Vereshchagin (X)



Проход Барскаун / Passage of Barskaun





В горах Алатау (1869-1870) / In the Alatau mountains (1869-1870)

"Alatau or Ala-Too (Kazakh: Алатау, Kyrgyz: Ала-Тоо, Russian: Алатау) is a generic name for a number of mountain ranges in Central Asia, characterized by interleaving areas of vegetation, scattered rocks and snows. The Alatau Mountains are located in the North East of Kazakhstan

Kuznetsk Alatau Mountains in south-central Siberia, Russia
Several ranges of the Tien Shan
Dzungarian Alatau, Kazakhstan/China
Terskey Alatau, Kyrgyzstan
Kungey Alatau
Trans-Ili Alatau, Kazakhstan/Kyrgyzstan
Talas Alatau, Kyrgyzstan/Kazakhstan/Uzbekistan
Kyrgyz Alatau, North Tien Shan"

Text by Wikipedia.





Кочевая дорога в горах Алатау (1869-1870) / Nomadic road in the mountains of Alatau (1869-1870)





Перекочевка киргизов (1869-1870) / Migration of Kirghizes (1869-1870)





Киргизская девушка / Kyrgyz girl





Наряд киргизки-невесты с головным убором, закрывающим лицо (1869-1870) / Kyrgyz bride in the outfit with a headdress covering the face (1869-1870)





Внутренность юрты богатого киргиза (1869-1870) / The inside of the yurt of the rich Kirghiz (1869-1870)





Калмыцкая молельня (1869) / Kalmyk chapel (1869)





Калмыцкий лама (1869) / Kalmyk lama (1869)





Калмыцкий лама (1873) / Kalmyk lama (1873)


 
Old June 12th, 2016 #62
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Vasily Vereshchagin (XI)



Афганец (1867-1868) / Afghan (1867-1868)





Афганец (1869-1870) / Afghan (1869-1870)





Араб на верблюде (1869-1870) / Arab on a camel (1869-1870)





Яки (1875) / Yaks (1875)





Жители Западного Тибета (1874-1876) / West Tibetans (1874-1876)





Молитвенная машина буддистов (1875) / Buddhist prayer machine (1875)





Буддийский храм в Дарджилинге. Сикким. (1874) / Buddhist temple in Darjeeling. Sikkim. (1874)

"Darjeeling is a town and a municipality in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located in the Lesser Himalaya at an elevation of 6,700 ft (2,042.2 m). It is noted for its tea industry, the spectacular views of Kangchenjunga, the world's third-highest mountain, and the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, a UNESCO World Heritage Site."


"Sikkim is a landlocked state of India, the last to give up its monarchy and fully integrate into India, in 1975. Located in the Himalayan mountains, the state is bordered by Nepal to the west, China's Tibet Autonomous Region to the north and east, and Bhutan to the east. The Indian state of West Bengal lies to the south.

With 607,688 inhabitants as of the 2011 census, Sikkim is the least populous state in India and the second-smallest state after Goa in total area, covering approximately 7,096 km2 (2,740 sq mi). Sikkim is nonetheless geographically diverse due to its location in the Himalayas; the climate ranges from subtropical to high alpine, and Kangchenjunga, the world's third-highest peak, is located on Sikkim's border with Nepal. Sikkim is a popular tourist destination, owing to its culture, scenery and biodiversity. It also has the only open land border between India and China. Sikkim's capital and largest city is Gangtok. Almost 25% of the state is covered by the Khangchendzonga National Park.

The predominant religions are Hinduism and Vajrayana Buddhism."

Texts by Wikipedia.





Буддийский лама на празднике в монастыре Пемиончи. Сикким. (1875) / Buddhist lama on a holiday in a monastery Pemayangtse. Sikkim. (1875)

"The Pemayangtse Monastery is a Buddhist monastery in Pemayangtse, near Pelling in the northeastern Indian state of Sikkim, located 140 kilometres (87 mi) west of Gangtok. Planned, designed and founded by Lama Lhatsun Chempo in 1705, it is one of the oldest and premier monasteries of Sikkim, also the most famous in west Sikkim. The monastery follows the Nyingma Order of Tibet Buddhism and controls all other monasteries of that Order in Sikkim.

The monastery was built for "pure monks" (ta-tshang) meaning "monks of pure Tibetan lineage", celibate and without any physical abnormality. This practice is still retained. Only the monks of Pemayangtse Monastery are entitled to the title "ta-tshang". The head lama of this monastery had the unique privilege of anointing the Chogyals of the erstwhile monarchy of Sikkim with holy water."

Text by Wikipedia.





Три главных божества в буддийском монастыре Чингачелинг в Сиккиме (1875) / The three major deities in a Chingacheling Buddhist monastery in Sikkim (1875)





Гималайский пони (1875) / Himalayan pony (1875)



Last edited by Alex Him; June 12th, 2016 at 12:07 PM.
 
Old June 12th, 2016 #63
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Женщина из Бутана (1874–1876) / A woman from Bhutan (1874–1876)





Гималаи. Главная вершина. (1875) / Himalayas. The main peak (1875)





Гималаи вечером (1875) / Himalayas in the evening (1875)





В Индии. Снега Гималаев. (1874-1876) / In India. Himalayas snow (1874-1876)





Монастырь Хемис в Ладакхе (1875) / Hemis monastery in Ladakh (1875)

"Hemis Monastery is a Tibetan Buddhist monastery (gompa) of the Drukpa Lineage, located in Hemis, Ladakh, India. Situated 45 km from Leh, the monastery was re-established in 1672 by the Ladakhi king Sengge Namgyal. The annual Hemis festival honoring Padmasambhava is held here in early June."


"Ladakh ("land of high passes") is a region in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir that currently extends from the Kunlun mountain range to the main Great Himalayas to the south, inhabited by people of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan descent. It is one of the most sparsely populated regions in Jammu and Kashmir and its culture and history are closely related to that of Tibet.

Contemporary Ladakh borders Tibet to the east, the Lahaul and Spiti regions to the south, the Vale of Kashmir, Jammu and Baltiyul regions to the west, and the southwest corner of Xinjiang across the Karakoram Pass in the far north. Ladakh is renowned for its remote mountain beauty and culture.

In the past Ladakh gained importance from its strategic location at the crossroads of important trade routes, but since the Chinese authorities closed the borders with Tibet and Central Asia in the 1960s, international trade has dwindled except for tourism. Since 1974, the Government of India has successfully encouraged tourism in Ladakh. Since Ladakh is a part of strategically important Jammu and Kashmir, the Indian military maintains a strong presence in the region.

The largest town in Ladakh is Leh followed by Kargil. Almost half of Ladakhis are Shia Muslims and the rest are mostly Tibetan Buddhists."

Texts by Wikipedia.





Посмертные памятники в Ладакхе (1875) / Posthumous monuments in Ladakh (1875)





Монастырь в скале. Ладакх. (1875) / Monastery in a Rock. Ladakh. (1875)





Розы в Ладакхе (1874-1876) / Roses in Ladakh (1874-1876)





Ледник по дороге из Кашмира в Ладакх (1875) / Glacier on the way from Kashmir to Ladakh (1875)

"Kashmir is a geographical region in far north of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range. Today, it denotes a larger area that includes the Indian-administered territories of Jammu and Kashmir (which consists of Jammu, the Kashmir Valley, and Ladakh), Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and Chinese-administered territories of Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract.

In the first half of the 1st millennium, the Kashmir region became an important centre of Kambojas and later of Buddhism; later still, in the ninth century, Kashmir Shaivism arose. In 1339, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir, inaugurating the Salatin-i-Kashmir or Swati dynasty. For the next five centuries, Muslim monarchs ruled Kashmir, including the Mughals, who ruled from 1586 until 1751, and the Afghan Durrani Empire, which ruled from 1751 until 1820. That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir. In 1846, after the Sikh defeat in the First Anglo-Sikh War, and upon the purchase of the region from the British under the Treaty of Amritsar, the Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, became the new ruler of Kashmir. The rule of his descendants, under the paramountcy (or tutelage) of the British Crown, lasted until 1947, when the former princely state of the British Indian Empire became a disputed territory, now administered by three countries: India, Pakistan, and the People's Republic of China."

Text by Wikipedia.





Горный ручей в Кашмире (1874-1876) / Mountain stream in Kashmir (1875)



Last edited by Alex Him; June 12th, 2016 at 12:19 PM.
 
Old June 12th, 2016 #64
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Всадник в Джайпуре (1880) / The rider in Jaipur (1880)

"Jaipur is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan in Northern India. It was founded on 18 November 1727 by Maharaja Jai Singh II. Jaipur is also known as the Pink City of India."

Text by Wikipedia.





Всадник-воин в Джайпуре (1881) / The rider-warrior in Jaipur (1881)





Повозка в Дели (1875) / A cart in Delhi (1875)

"Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi, is the capital territory of the Republic of India. Delhi is historically and culturally connected to both the Upper Doab of the Yamuna-Ganges river system and the Punjab region. It is bordered by Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to the east. It is the second most populous city in India.

Delhi has been continuously inhabited since the 6th century BCE. Through most of its history, Delhi has served as a capital of various kingdoms and empires. It has been captured, ransacked and rebuilt several times, particularly during the medieval period, and modern Delhi is a cluster of a number of cities spread across the metropolitan region.

Delhi and its urban region have been given the special status of National Capital Region (NCR) under the Constitution of India's 69th Amendment Act of 1991. The NCR includes the neighbouring cities of Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida, Ghaziabad, Neharpar (Greater Faridabad), Greater Noida, Bahadurgarh, Sonepat, Panipat, Karnal, Rohtak, Bhiwani, Rewari, Baghpat, Meerut, Muzaffarnagar, Alwar, Bharatpur and other nearby towns."

Text by Wikipedia.





Повозка богатых людей в Дели (1875) / A cart of rich people in Delhi (1875)





Факир (1874-1876) / Fakir (1874-1876)





Факиры (1874-1876) / Fakirs (1874-1876)





Совар - правительственный посыльный (1874-1876) / Sowar, the messenger of the Government (1874-1876)





Бания (торговец). Бомбей. (1874-1876) / Bania (trader). Bombay. (1874-1876)

"Mumbai (also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India. Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour.

The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies. For centuries, the islands were under the control of successive indigenous empires before being ceded to the Portuguese and subsequently to the British East India Company when in 1661 King Charles II married the Portuguese Catherine of Braganza, and as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and seven islands of Bombay. During the mid-18th century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which undertook reclamation of the area between the seven islands from the sea. Along with construction of major roads and railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845, transformed Bombay into a major seaport on the Arabian Sea. Bombay in the 19th century was characterized by economic and educational development. During the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement.

Mumbai is the financial, commercial and entertainment capital of India. It is also one of the world's top ten centres of commerce in terms of global financial flow, generating 6.16% of India's GDP and accounting for 25% of industrial output, 70% of maritime trade in India (Mumbai Port Trust and JNPT), and 70% of capital transactions to India's economy."

Text by Wikipedia.





Мусульманин-слуга (1882-1883) / Moslem servant (1882-1883)





Священник парс (огнепоклонник). Бомбей. (1874-1876) / Parsi priest (fire-worshiper). Bombay. (1874-1876)


 
Old June 12th, 2016 #65
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Статуя Вишну в храме Индры в Эллоре (1874-1876) / Statue of Vishnu in the temple of Indra in Ellora (1874-1876)

"Ellora is an archaeological site 29 km (18 mi) north-west of the city of Aurangabad in the Indian state of Maharashtra, built by the Rashtrakuta dynasty (Brahmanical & Buddhist group of caves) and Yadav (Jain group of caves). Well known for its monumental caves, Ellora is an UNESCO World Heritage Site and forms one of major tourist attraction in Marathwada region of Maharashtra. Ellora represents the epitome of Indian rock-cut architecture. The 34 "caves" are actually structures excavated out of the vertical face of the Charanandri hills. Hindu, Buddhist and Jain rock-cut temples and viharas and mathas were built between the 5th century and 10th century. The 17 Hindu (caves 13–29), 12 Buddhist (caves 1–12) and 5 Jain (caves 30–34) caves, built in proximity, demonstrate the religious harmony prevalent during this period of Indian history. It is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India."

Text by Wikipedia.





Мавзолей Тадж-Махал (1874-1876) / Taj Mahal Mausoleum (1874-1876)

"The Taj Mahal (Persian for Crown of Palaces) is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna river in the Indian city of Agra. It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan (reigned 1628–1658), to house the tomb of his favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The tomb is the centrepiece of a 42-acre complex, which includes a mosque and a guest house, and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenellated wall.

The construction project employed some 20,000 artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor, Ustad Ahmad Lahauri.

The Taj Mahal was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 for being "the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage". Described by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore as "the tear-drop on the cheek of time", it is regarded by many as the best example of Mughal architecture and a symbol of India's rich history."

Text by Wikipedia.





Мавзолей Тадж-Махал в Агре (1874-1876) / Taj Mahal Mausoleum in Agra (1874-1876)

"Agra is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is 378 kilometres (235 mi) west of the state capital, Lucknow, 206 kilometres (128 mi) south of the national capital New Delhi and 125 kilometres (78 mi) north of Gwalior. It is a major tourist destination because of its many splendid Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Tāj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpūr Sikrī, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Agra is included on the Golden Triangle tourist circuit, along with Delhi and Jaipur.

The city was first mentioned in the epic Mahābhārata, where it was called Agrevaṇa (derived from Sanskrit (अग्रेवण) meaning "the border of the forest"). Legend ascribes the founding of the city to Raja Badal Singh, a Sikarwar Rajput king (c. 1475), whose fort, Badalgarh, stood on or near the site of the present fort. However, the 11th century Persian poet Mas'ūd Sa'd Salmān writes of a desperate assault on the fortress of Agra, then held by the Shāhī King Jayapala, by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni. It was mentioned for the first time in 1080 AD when a Ghaznavide force captured it. Sultan Sikandar Lodī (1488–1517) was the first to move his capital from Delhi to Agra in 1506. He governed the country from here and Agra assumed the importance of the second capital. He died in 1517 and his son, Ibrāhīm Lodī, remained in power there for nine more years and several palaces, wells and a mosque were built by him in the fort during his period. Finally being defeated at the Battle of Panipat in 1526. Between 1540 and 1556, Afghans, beginning with Sher Shah Suri ruled the area. It achieved fame as the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1556 to 1658."

Text by Wikipedia.





Моти Масджид (Жемчужная мечеть) в Агре (1874-1876) / Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque) in Agra (1874-1876)

"The Moti Masjid (translation: Pearl Mosque) in Agra was built by Shah Jahan. During the rule of Shah Jahan the Mughal emperor, numerous architectural wonders were built. Most famous of them being the Taj Mahal. Moti Masjid earned the epithet Pearl Mosque for it shined like a pearl. It is held that this mosque was constructed by Shah Jahan for his members of royal court."

Text by Wikipedia.





Гробница Шейха Селима Чишти в Фатехпур-Сикри (1874-1876) / Tomb of Sheikh Salim Chishti in Fatehpur Sikri (1874-1876)

"Fatehpur Sikri is a city in the Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India. Previously the city's name was Vijaypur Sikari, of the Sikarwar Rajput clan; the later city was founded in 1569 by the Emperor Akbar, and served as the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1571 to 1585. After his military victories over Chittor and Ranthambore, Akbar decided to shift his capital from Agra to a new location 23 miles (37 km) W.S.W on the Sikri ridge, to honour the Sufi saint Salim Chishti. Here he commenced the construction of a planned walled city, which took the next fifteen years in planning, and construction of a series of royal palaces, harem, courts, a mosque, private quarters and other utility buildings. He named the city Fatehabad, with Fateh, a word of Arabic origin in Persian, meaning "victorious." It was later called Fatehpur Sikri. It is at Fatehpur Sikri that the legends of Akbar and his famed courtiers, the nine jewels or Navaratnas, were born. Fatehpur Sikri is one of the best preserved collections of Indian Mughal architecture in India.

The Imperial complex was abandoned in 1585, shortly after its completion, due to the exhaustion of the small, spring-fed lake that supplied the city with water, and its proximity with the Rajputana areas in the North-West, which were increasingly in turmoil. Thus the capital was shifted to Lahore so that Akbar could have a base in the less stable part of the empire, before moving back to Agra in 1598, where he had begun his reign as he shifted his focus to Deccan. In fact, he never returned to the city except for a brief period in 1601."

Text by Wikipedia.





Браминский храм в Адельнуре (1874-1876) / Brahminic temple in Adelnure (1874-1876)





Ворота около Кутуб-Минара. Старый Дели. (1875) / A gate near the Qutub Minar. Old Delhi. (1875)

"Qutb Minar, at 120 meters, is the tallest brick minaret in the world. Qutb Minar, along with the ancient and medieval monuments surrounding it, form the Qutb Complex, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The tower is located in the Mehrauli area of Delhi, India.The Minaret of Jam a UNESCO World Heritage Site in western Afghanistan is thought to have been a direct inspiration for the Qutb Minar in Delhi, which was also built by the Ghurid Dynasty. Made of red sandstone and marble, Qutb Minar is a 73-meter (240 feet) tall tapering tower with a diameter measuring 14.32 meters (47 feet) at the base and 2.75 meters (9 feet) at the peak. Inside the tower, a circular staircase with 379 steps leads to the top.

In 1200 AD, Qutb al-Din Aibak, the founder of the Delhi Sultanate started construction of the Qutb Minar. In 1220, Aibak's successor and son-in-law Iltutmish added three storeys to the tower. In 1369, lightning struck the top storey, destroying it completely. So, Firoz Shah Tughlaq carried out restoration work replacing the damaged storey with two new storeys every year, made of red sandstone and white marble.

Qutb Minar is surrounded by several historically significant monuments, which are historically connected with the tower and are part of the Qutb Complex. These include the Iron Pillar of Delhi, Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, Alai Darwaza, the Tomb of Iltutmish, Alai Minar, Ala-ud-din's Madrasa and Tomb, and the Tomb of Imam Zamin."

Text by Wikipedia.





Тронный зал Великих моголов Шах-Джахана и Ауранг-Зеба в форте Дели (1875) / Throne Hall of the Great Mughal Shah Jahan and Aurang-Zeb in Delhi Fort (1875)





Раджнагар. Мраморная, украшенная барельефами набережная на озере в Удайпуре. (1874) / Radzhnagar. Marble, adorned with bas-reliefs quay on the lake in Udaipur (1874)





Вечер на озере. Один из павильонов на Мраморной набережной в Раджнагаре (княжество Удайпур). (1874) / Evening on the lake. One of the pavilions on the marble quay in Radzhnagar (Principality of Udaipur) (1874)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #66
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Колоннада в Джайнском храме на горе Абу вечером (1874-1876) / The colonnade in the Jain temple at Mount Abu in the evening (1874-1876)





Дворик в гареме дворца Фатехпур-Сикри (1874-1876) / Courtyard in the harem of the palace of Fatehpur Sikri (1874-1876)





Индийский мотив (1875) / Indian motif (1875)





Индиец (1873) / Indian (1873)





Кули (Носильщик) - (1875) / Coolie (carrier) - (1875)





Бхил (Бхилы - одно из горных племен Декана). (1874) / Bhil (1874)

"Bhils or Bheel are primarily an Adivasi people of North India. Bhils are also settled in the Tharparkar District of Sindh, Pakistan. They speak the Bhil languages, a subgroup of the Western Zone of the Indo-Aryan languages. According to Census, 2001, Bhils were the largest tribal group in India followed by Gond tribe.

Bhils are listed as Adivasi residents of the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan - all in the western Deccan regions and central India - as well as in Tripura in far-eastern India, on the border with Bangladesh. Bhils are divided into a number of endogamous territorial divisions, which in turn have a number of clans and lineages. Most Bhils now speak the language of the region they reside in, such as Marathi and Gujarati. They mostly speak a dialect of Hindi."

Text by Wikipedia.





Мусульманин шиитской секты в Гималаях (1875) / A muslim Shiite in the Himalayas (1875)





Молодая женщина. Декан. (1874) / Young woman. Deccan. (1874)





Караван яков, нагруженный солью, около озера Цо-Морари, на границе Западного Тибета (1874-1876) / Caravan of yaks with salt, near Lake Tso Moriri, on the border of Western Tibet (1874-1876)





Подавление индийского восстания англичанами (1884) / Blowing from Guns in British India (1884)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #67
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Людоед / Cannibal





Забытый (1872) / Forgotten (1872)

This picture has been destroyed by the author.





Павший воин / Dead warrior





Жемчужная мечеть в Агре (1870-1880) / Pearl Mosque in Agra (1870-1880)





Опиумоеды (1867) / Opium Smokers (1867)





Татарин из Оренбургской тюрьмы (1867-1868) / Tatar from Orenburg prison

"Orenburg (Russian: Оренбург) is a transcontinental city and the administrative center of Orenburg Oblast, Russia, located on the Ural River 1,478 kilometers (918 mi) southeast of Moscow, very close to the border with Kazakhstan."

Text by Wikipedia.





Казах в национальном головном уборе (1867–1868) / Kazakh with national headdress (1867–1868)





Казах в меховой шапке (1867–1868) / Kazakh in a fur hat (1867–1868)





В горах Алатау (1869-1870) / In the Alatau mountains (1869-1870)





Перекочевка киргизов (1869-1870) / Migration of Kirghizes (1869-1870)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #68
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Северная Двина (1894) / The Northern Dvina (1894)

"The Northern Dvina (Russian: Се́верная Двина́) is a river in northern Russia flowing through the Vologda Oblast and Arkhangelsk Oblast into the Dvina Bay of the White Sea. Along with the Pechora River to the east, it drains most of Northwest Russia into the Arctic Ocean. It should not be confused with Western Dvina.

The principal tributaries of the Northern Dvina are the Vychegda (right), the Vaga (left), and the Pinega (right)."

Text by Wikipedia.





Старуха-нищенка девяносто шести лет (1891) / Beggar woman, Ninety Six years old (1891)





Отставной дворецкий (1888) / A retired butler (1888)





Бурлак с шапкою в руке (1866) / Burlak with the cap in his hand (1866)





Бурлак, держащийся руками за лямку (1866) / Burlak who hold hands on the strap (1866)





Бурлаки (1866) / Burlaks (1866)





Духоборы на молитве (1865) / Doukhobors in prayer (1865)

"The Doukhobors or Dukhobors (Russian: Духоборы, Dukhobory, earlier Dukhobortsy, Russian: Духоборцы; literally "Spirit-Wаrriors of Christ") are a Spiritual Christian religious group of Russian origin.

The word Doukhobor means "Spirit Wrestlers"; they are part of Spiritual Christianity. The origin of the Doukhobors is uncertain. The first records of them are from the 18th century. However, some scholars believe that the sect had its origins in the 17th or 16th century. They do not use the Holy Bible as their source of faith, but it's teachings are evident in some of Doukhobor psalms, hymns, and beliefs. The teachings of Jesus Christ have been accepted as their foundational truth. They draw on the characteristics of God, as portrayed by Jesus, to guide their faith as God's peaceful ambassadors.

They rejected the Russian Orthodox priests, use of icons, and all associated church ritual. They came to believe that the Bible alone, as a supreme source, was not enough to reach divine revelation, and that doctrinal conflicts can interfere with their faith. Their goal was to internalize the living spirit of God so that God's spirit would be revealed within each individual.

Their pacifist beliefs and desire to avoid government interference in their life led to an exodus of the majority of the group from Russia to Canada around 1900. They adapted to life in agricultural communes. The immigrants were overwhelmingly of peasant origin, and had a low regard for advanced education. Many work as loggers, lumbermen, and carpenters. Eventually, splits happened; many left the communal dormitories and became private farmers homesteading on the Canadian plains. Religious a cappella singing, pacifism, and passive resistance are hallmarks of the sect. One subgroup occasionally demonstrates while naked, typically as a protest against compulsory military service. Their policies made them highly controversial. The modern descendants of the first Canadian Doukhobors continue to live in south-eastern British Columbia, southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, where their ancestors settled. Today, the estimated population of Doukhobor descent in North America is 40,000 in Canada and about 5,000 in the United States."

Text by Wikipedia.





Старик-молоканин в светлой сорочке (1865) / Old molokan in a light shirt (1865)

"Molokan (Russian: молокане for "milk-drinkers") is a Slavonic exonym for members of different Spiritual Christian sects that evolved from Eastern Christians in the lands "of all Rus'." Their traditions (especially dairy consumption during Christian fasts) did not conform to those of the Russian Orthodox Church. Regarded as outside the traditional Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholic and Protestant denominations,[citation needed] they tend to identify as "Spiritual Christians".

Unlike the Protestant "reformists" of Western Europe, Molokans rejected conformity. There are almost as many different ways among Molokans as there are Molokans. Some built chapels for worship, kept sacraments, and revered saints and icons, while others (like Ikonobortsi) discarded these practices in the pursuit of individual approaches to Scripture. In general, they rejected the institutionalized formalism of Orthodoxy and denominations with similar doctrines in favor of more emphasis on 'Original Christianity,' as they understood it. They emphasized spirituality and spiritual practice; such sacramental practices as water baptism have been permitted only as tangible signs and symbols of more important spiritual truths.

Similar to Presbyterians among Protestants, they elect a council of dominant elders who preserve a sort of apostolic succession, considered heretical by the Orthodox Church. Molokans had some practices similar to the European Quakers and Mennonites, such as pacifism, communal organization, spiritual meetings, and sub-groupings."

Text by Wikipedia.





Молоканка в красном сарафане (1865) / Molokan woman in red sundress (1865)





Молодой молоканин (1865) / The young Molokan (1865)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #69
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Vasily Vereshchagin (XVIII)



Троицын день. Село Коломенское. / Trinity day. Village Kolomenskoye.





Перед исповедью на паперти сельской церкви (1888) / Before the Confession at the Entrance to a Village Church (1888)





Икона Николы с верховья реки Пинеги (1894) / The icon of St. Nicholas with headwater Pinega (1894)

"The Pinega (Russian: Пинега) is a river in Verkhnetoyemsky, Pinezhsky, and Kholmogorsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Northern Dvina River. It is 779 kilometres (484 mi) long, and the area of its basin 42,600 square kilometres (16,400 sq mi). Its main tributaries are the Ilesha, the Vyya, the Yula, the Pokshenga, and the Yezhuga.

The Pinega flows in the hilly landscape, on the western border of the Timan Ridge, in the coniferous forest (taiga). It freezes up in mid October or early November and stays under the ice until mid April or early May.

The area was originally populated by Finno-Ugric peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. In the 13th century the Novgorod merchants already reached the White Sea. The Pinega was used by Novgorod merchants as the source of fur and also as the trading route to the basin of the Pechora River."

Text by Wikipedia.





Резной столб в трапезной Петропавловской крепости в селе Пучуги вологодской губернии (1894) / Carved pillar in the refectory of the Petropavlovsk church in the village Puchugi in Vologda province (1894)





Паперть церкви Иоанна Предтечи в Толчкове. Ярославль. (1888) / The porch of the church of John the Baptist in Tolchkovo. Yaroslavl. (1888)

"Yaroslavl (Russian: Ярослáвль) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located 250 kilometers (160 mi) northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city, a World Heritage Site, is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl Rivers. It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that has played an important role in Russian history."

Text by Wikipedia.





Паперть церкви Иоанна Предтечи в Толчкове. Ярославль. (1894) / The porch of the church of John the Baptist in Tolchkovo. Yaroslavl. (1894)





Иконостас церкви Иоанна Богослова на Ишне близ Ростова Ярославского (1888) / The iconostasis of the church of John the Theologian on Ishna near Rostov Yaroslavsky (1888)





Внутренний вид церкви Иоанна Богослова на Ишне близ Ростова Ярославского (1888) / Interior of the Church of St. John the Evangelist on the Ishna near Rostov Yaroslavsky (1888)





Паперть церкви / The porch of the church





Церковь / The church


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #70
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Vasily Vereshchagin (XIX)



Зырянин (1893-1894) / Zyrian (1893-1894)





Вид Крымских гор / Crimean mountains





Мыс Фиолент вблизи Севастополя (1897) / Cape Fiolent near Sevastopol (1897)





В горах (1890-ые) / In the mountains (1890s)





Гора Казбек (1897-1898) / The Mount Kazbek (1897-1898)

"Mount Kazbek is a dormant stratovolcano and one of the major mountains of the Caucasus located in the Kazbegi District of Georgia, just south of the border with Russia.

It is the third highest mountain in Georgia and the seventh highest peak in the Caucasus Mountains. Kazbek is also the second highest volcanic summit in the Caucasus, after Mount Elbrus."

Text by Wikipedia.





Эльбрус (1867) / Elbrus (1867)

"Mount Elbrus (Russian: Эльбру́с) is the highest mountain in Europe, and the tenth most prominent peak in the world. A dormant volcano, Elbrus forms part of the Caucasus Mountains in Southern Russia, near the border with Georgia.

Elbrus has two summits, both of which are dormant volcanic domes. With its slightly taller west summit, the mountain stands at 5,642 metres (18,510 ft); the east summit is 5,621 metres (18,442 ft)."

Text by Wikipedia.





Представление начальству (Русский офицер и кавказцы) - (1863-1864) / Presentation to the boss (Russian officer and Caucasians) - (1863-1864)





Прапорщик Гассан-Бек Джагранов (1863-1864) / Ensign Hassan-Beck Dzhagranov (1863-1864)





Лезгин Хаджи Муртуз-ага из Дагестана (1864) / Lezgin Haji Murtuz-agha from Dagestan (1864)





Лезгинка (1864-1867) / Lezginka [dance] (1864-1867)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #71
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Vasily Vereshchagin (XX)



Ананури (1863) / Ananuri (1863)

"Ananuri is a castle complex on the Aragvi River in Georgia, about 45 miles (72 kilometres) from Tbilisi.

Ananuri was a castle and seat of the eristavis (Dukes) of Aragvi, a feudal dynasty which ruled the area from the 13th century. The castle was the scene of numerous battles.

In 1739, Ananuri was attacked by forces from a rival duchy, commanded by Shanshe of Ksani and was set on fire. The Aragvi clan was massacred. However, four years later, the local peasants revolted against rule by the Shamshe, killing the usurpers and inviting King Teimuraz II to rule directly over them. However, in 1746, King Teimuraz was forced to suppress another peasant uprising, with the help of King Erekle II of Kakheti. The fortress remained in use until the beginning of the 19th century. In 2007, the complex has been on the tentative list for inclusion into the UNESCO World Heritage Site program."

Text by Wikipedia.





Аюдаг (1872) / Ayu-Dag (1872)

"Ayu-Dag or Medved'-gora (Russian: Аю-Даг also Медведь-гора) is a summit of Crimea. The summit is located 16 km north-east from Yalta between the towns of Gurzuf and Partenit.

Its Ancient Greek name was Κριού Μέτωπον (Kriou Metopon) meaning Ram's Brow.

The mountain is a laccolith. Today its territory is a Nature reserve (5.5 km2). The eastern slopes of Ayu-Dag lead to an ancient settlement Partenit.

Remains of an early-medieval settlement and a number of churches were discovered here. In the 9th-10th centuries it was a well-known seaport, bound with cities of the Byzantine Empire."

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Входная дверь в церковь под Казбеком (1897) / The entrance door to the church under the Kazbek (1897)





Арабская женщина в Иерусалиме (1891) / Arab woman in Jerusalem (1891)





Два еврея (1883-1884) / Two Jews (1883-1884)





Портрет купца-еврея / Portrait of a Jewish merchant





В Иерусалиме. Царские гробницы. (1884-1885) / In Jerusalem. Royal tombs (1884-1885)





Стена Соломона (1883) / Solomon's Wall (1883)





Распятие на кресте у римлян (1887) / Crucifixion by the Romans (1887)





Орлы (Забытый солдат) - (1881-1885) / Eagles (Forgotten soldier) - (1881-1885)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #72
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Vasily Vereshchagin (XXI)



Шпион (1878-1879) / Spy (1878-1879)





Перед атакой. Под Плевной. (1881) / Before the attack. At Plevna. (1881)

"The Siege of Plevna, or Siege of Pleven, was a major battle of the Russo-Turkish War, fought by the joint army of Russia and Romania against the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman defense held up the main Russian advance southwards into Bulgaria for five months, encouraging other great powers actively to support the Ottoman cause. Eventually, superior Russian and Romanian numbers forced the garrison to capitulate. The Russian-Romanian victory on 10 December 1877 was decisive for the outcome of the war and the Liberation of Bulgaria."

Text by Wikipedia.





После атаки. Перевязочный пункт под Плевной. (1881) / After the attack. Dressing station near Plevna (1881)





Место битвы 18 июля 1877 г. перед Кришинским редутом под Плевной (1877-1880) / A place of the Battle on July 18, 1877 in front of the Krishin Redoubt near Plevna (1877-1880)





Победители (1878-1879) / Winners (1878-1879)





Побежденные. Панихида. (1878-1879) / Defeated. Dirge. (1878-1879)





Телега для раненых (1877) / Cart for the Wounded (1877)





Башибузук (Албанец) - (1877-1878) / Bashi-bazouk (Albanian) - (1877-1878)

"A bashi-bazouk or bashibazouk (Turkish başıbozuk, literally "damaged head", also named delibaş, literally "crazy head", both meaning "free headed", "leaderless", "disorderly") was an irregular soldier of the Ottoman army. A Bashi-Bazouk may be Turk but also Circassian, Arab, Albanian. They were particularly noted for their lack of discipline."

Text by Wikipedia.





Два ястреба (Башибузуки) - (1878-1879) / Two hawks (Bashi-bazouks) - (1878-1879)





Пикет на Дунае (1878-1879) / Picket on the Danube (1878-1879)

"The Danube is Europe's second-longest river, after the Volga River, and also the longest river in the European Union region. It is located in Central and Eastern Europe.

The Danube was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire, and today flows through 10 countries. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for 2,860 km (1,780 mi), passing through or touching the border of Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine before emptying into the Black Sea. Its drainage basin extends into nine more countries."

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Old June 13th, 2016 #73
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Vasily Vereshchagin (XXII)



Пикет на Балканах (1878) / Picket in the Balkan Mountains (1878)





Угол турецкого редута, взятого М. Д. Скобелевым 30 августа, но снова покинутого 31-го (1877) / Corner of the Turkish Redoubt Captured by Mikhail Skobelev on May 30 but Abandoned on May 31 (1877)

"Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev (1843-1882) - (Russian: Михаи́л Дми́триевич Ско́белев) was a Russian general famous for his conquest of Central Asia and heroism during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878. Dressed in white uniform and mounted on a white horse, and always in the thickest of the fray, he was known and adored by his soldiers as the "White General" (and by the Turks as the "White Pasha"). During a campaign in Khiva, his Turkmen opponents called him goz zanli or "Bloody Eyes". British Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery wrote that Skobelev was the world's "ablest single commander" between 1870 and 1914 and called him a "skilful and inspiring" leader."

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Переход колонны М. Д. Скобелева через Балканы (1877-1878) / Passage Army M. Skobelev through the Balkans (1877-1878)





Снежные траншеи (Русские позиции на Шипкинском перевале) - (1878-1881) / Snowy trenches (Russian position on the Shipka Pass) - (1878-1881)

"The Battle of Shipka Pass consisted of four battles that were fought between the Russian Empire, aided by Bulgarian volunteers known as Opalchentsi, and the Ottoman Empire for control over the vital Shipka Pass during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878). The crucial moment came in August 1877, when a group of 5,000 Bulgarian and 2,500 Russian troops repulsed an attack against the peak by a nearly 40,000 strong Ottoman army."

Text by Wikipedia.





Шипка-Шейново. Скобелев под Шипкой. (1883-1888) / Shipka-Sheinovo. Skobelev at Shipka. (1883-1888)





Шипка-Шейново. Скобелев под Шипкой. (1878) / Shipka-Sheinovo. Skobelev at Shipka. (1878)





Триптих. На Шипке все спокойно. (1878-1879) / Triptych. At Shipka all is quiet. (1878-1879)





Солдат на снегу (1877-1878) / Soldier in the snow (1877-1878)





На Шипке все спокойно (1878-1879) / At Shipka all is quiet (1878-1879)





Трупы замерзших турецких солдат (1877-1878) / Frozen corpses of Turkish soldiers (1877-1878)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #74
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Vasily Vereshchagin (XXIII)



Александр II под Плевной / Alexander II in Plevna





Последний привал / Last halt





Адьютант / Adjutant





Монастырская башня / Tower of monastery





Раненый (1901) / Wounded (1901)





Допрос перебежчика (1901) / Interrogation of the renegade (1901)





Шпион (1901) / Spy (1901)





Крепость Сант-Яго (1902) / Castle Sant-Yago (1902)





Эскиз. Взятие Рузвельтом Сан-Жуанских высот. (1902) / Sketch. Roosevelt assaulted San Zhuan heights. (1902)





Избиение женихов Пенелопы возвратившимся Улиссом (1861-1862) / Beating the fiances of Penelope returning Ulysses (1861-1862)


 
Old June 13th, 2016 #75
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Konstantin Vasilyev



Автопортрет (1957) / Self-portrait (1957)





Автопортрет (1968) / Self-portrait (1968)





Автопортрет (1970) / Self-portrait (1970)





Автопортрет (1976) / Self-portrait (1976)








"Konstantín Alexeyevich Vasilyev (Russian: Константи́н Алексе́евич Васи́льев; born September 3, 1942, in Maykop, died October 29, 1976 in a railway accident near Kazan) was a Russian illustrator, who left more than 400 paintings and drawings. His range of works included portraits, landscapes, realistic compositions, Russian epics, Slavic and Teutonic mythology, and battle paintings."

Text by Wikipedia.





Огненный меч (1974) / Fiery sword (1974)





Вотан с волками (1969) / Wotan with wolves (1969)

"In Germanic mythology, Odin (from Old Norse Óðinn) is a widely revered god. In Norse mythology, from which stems most of our information about the god, Odin is associated with healing, death, royalty, the gallows, knowledge, battle, sorcery, poetry, frenzy, and the runic alphabet, and is the husband of the goddess Frigg. In wider Germanic mythology and paganism, Odin was known in Old English as Wōden, in Old Saxon as Wōdan, and in Old High German as Wuotan or Wōtan, all stemming from the reconstructed Proto-Germanic theonym *wōđanaz.

Odin is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples, from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania through the tribal expansions of the Migration Period and the Viking Age. Odin continued into the modern period to be acknowledged in rural folklore in all Germanic regions. References to Odin appear in place names throughout regions historically inhabited by the ancient Germanic peoples, and the day of the week Wednesday bears his name in many Germanic languages, including English.

In Old Norse texts, Odin is depicted as one-eyed and long-bearded, frequently wielding a spear named Gungnir, and wearing a cloak and a broad hat. He is often accompanied by his animal companions—the wolves Geri and Freki and the ravens Huginn and Muninn, who bring him information from all over Midgard—and Odin rides the flying, eight-legged steed Sleipnir across the sky and into the underworld. Odin is attested as having many sons, most famously the god Baldr with Frigg, and is known by hundreds of names. In these texts, Odin frequently seeks knowledge in some manner and in disguise (most famously by obtaining the Mead of Poetry), at times makes wagers with his wife Frigg over the outcome of exploits, and takes part in both the creation of the world by way of slaying the primordial being Ymir and the gift of life to the first two humans Ask and Embla. Odin has a particular association with Yule, and mankind's knowledge of both the runes and poetry is also attributed to Odin.

In Old Norse texts, Odin is given primacy over female beings associated with the battlefield—the valkyries—and he himself oversees the afterlife location Valhalla, where he receives half of those who die in battle, the einherjar. The other half are chosen by goddess Freyja for her afterlife location, Fólkvangr. Odin consults the disembodied, herb-embalmed head of the wise being Mímir for advice, and during the foretold events of Ragnarök, Odin is told to lead the einherjar into battle before being consumed by the monstrous wolf Fenrir. In later folklore, Odin appears as a leader of the Wild Hunt, a ghostly procession of the dead through the winter sky. Odin is also particularly associated with charms and other forms of magic, such as in Old English and Old Norse texts."

Text by Wikipedia.





Отечество (1976) / Fatherland (1976)





Звёздное небо (1970) / The starry sky (1970)





Валькирия (1969) / Valkyrie (1969)

"In Norse mythology, a valkyrie (from Old Norse valkyrja "chooser of the slain") is one of a host of female figures who choose those who may die in battle and those who may live. Selecting half of those who die in battle, the valkyries bring their chosen to the afterlife hall of the slain, Valhalla, ruled over by the god Odin (the other half go to the goddess Freyja's afterlife field Fólkvangr). There, the deceased warriors become einherjar (Old Norse "single (or once) fighters"[1]). When the einherjar are not preparing for the events of Ragnarök, the valkyries bear them mead. Valkyries also appear as lovers of heroes and other mortals, where they are sometimes described as the daughters of royalty, sometimes accompanied by ravens and sometimes connected to swans or horses."

Text by Wikipedia.





Над Волгой (1971) / Over the Volga (1971)

"The Volga (Russian: Во́лга) is the longest river in Europe; it is also Europe's largest river in terms of discharge and watershed. It flows through central Russia and into the Caspian Sea, and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia.

Eleven of the twenty largest cities of Russia, including the capital, Moscow, are in the Volga's watershed (drainage basin).

Some of the largest reservoirs in the world can be found along the Volga. The river has a symbolic meaning in Russian culture and is often referred to as Волга-матушка Volga-Matushka (Mother Volga) in Russian literature and folklore."

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Last edited by Alex Him; June 14th, 2016 at 11:04 PM.
 
Old June 15th, 2016 #76
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Konstantin Vasilyev (II)



Дар Святогора (1974) / Svyatogor's gift (1974)

"Svyatogor (Russian: Святого́р) is a Kievan Rus' mythical bogatyr (knight/hero) from bylinas. His name is a derivation from the words "sacred mountain". Svyatogor's tale, Ilya Muromets and Svyatogor, is a part of the Ilya Muromets cycle."

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Дар Святогора (1974) / Svyatogor's gift (1974)





Илья Муромец и голь кабацкая (1974) / Ilya Muromets and poor drunks (1974)

"Ilya Muromets (Russian: Илья Муромец), or Ilya of Murom, sometimes Ilya Murometz, is a folk hero of Kievan Rus', a bogatyr (akin to knight-errant) and a character of many bylinas (East Slavic medieval epic poems). In the legends he is often featured alongside fellow bogatyrs Dobrynya Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich.

Although Ilya Muromets's adventures are mostly a matter of epic fiction, he is believed to have a historical prototype: a medieval warrior, and in later life a monk, named Ilya Pechersky."

Text by Wikipedia.


The cartoons - http://vnnforum.com/showpost.php?p=1948718&postcount=31





Илья Муромец освобождает узников (1974) / Ilya Muromets liberate of prisoners (1974)





Бой Добрыни со змеем (1974) / Dobrynya's battle with a dragon (1974)

"Dobrynya Nikitich (Russian: Добры́ня Ники́тич) is one of the most popular bogatyrs (epic knights) from the Rus' folklore. He is a professional archer, swimmer, and wrestler. He plays the gusli, plays tafl, and is known for his courtesy and cunning."

Text by Wikipedia.





Василий Буслаев (1974) / Vassily Buslayev (1974)

"Vassily Buslayev is a Novgorod character of the Bogatyr epics.

Vassily Buslayev - a Novgorod hero, representing the ideal youthful and boundless prowess. He is one of the most famous characters of folklore, bearing the name Vassily.

From a young age Vassily showed no constraint; he always did as he pleased, without regard to consequences. Antagonizing the majority of Novgorod, he gathered a group of like minded daredevils to rage more and more. Only his mother had a slight power over him. Finally at a feast Vassily became drunk and belligerent and bets that he and his group could beat up all of the men of Novgorod. As the fight began, it quickly became clear that Vassily's wager was to be seen through. Only his mother's intervention was able to save the men of Novgorod."


Text by Wikipedia.





Вольга (1968) / Volga (1968)

"Volga Svyatoslavich (Russian: Вольга Святославич) is a Russian epic hero, a bogatyr, from the Novgorod Republic bylina cycle."

Text by Wikipedia.





Вольга и Микула (1974) / Volga and Mikula (1974)

"Mikula Selyaninovich (Russian: Микула Селянинович, Mikula the Villager's Son) is a Russian epic hero, a bogatyr - plowman, from the Novgorod Republic bylina cycle.

A common plot trope in bylinas involving Mikula is that another bogatyr of warrior type turns out to be weaker than Mikula: cannot pull his plow out of the soil, cannot lift his bag, cannot race him, etc., because Mother Earth loves him."

Text by Wikipedia.





Алеша Попович и красна девица (1974) / Alyosha Popovich and lovely maiden (1974)

Literally it is "red maiden". The word "red" had additional values "beautiful, clear and bright" in the old days.
For example "the Red square".


"Alyosha Popovich (Russian: Алё́ша Попо́вич, literally Alexey, son of the priest), is a folk hero of Kievan Rus, a bogatyr (i.e., a medieval knight-errant).

In Byliny (oral stories) he is described as a crafty priest's son who wins by tricking and outsmarting his foes. He is known for his agility, slyness, and craftiness. Alyosha Popovich is fun-loving, sometimes being depicted as a "mocker of women," and may occasionally be a liar and a cheat. He defeated the dragon Tugarin Zmeyevich by trickery. In later versions the dragon was transformed into the figure of a Mongol Khan."

Text by Wikipedia.





Настасья Микулишна (1968) / Nastasya Mikulishna (1968)

"Nastasya Mikulishna is the youngest daughter of epic hero Mikula Selyaninovich and the wife of Dobrynya Nikitich."

Text by Wikipedia.


 
Old June 16th, 2016 #77
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Портрет Достоевского (1976) / Portrait of Dostoevsky (1976)

"Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky (1821-1881) - (Russian: Фёдор Миха́йлович Достое́вский), sometimes transliterated Dostoevsky, was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist, journalist and philosopher. Dostoyevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmosphere of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes.

He began writing in his 20s, and his first novel, Poor Folk, was published in 1846 when he was 25. His major works include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872) and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). His output consists of 11 novels, three novellas, 17 short novels and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest psychologists in world literature. His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature."

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Георгий Жуков (1968) / Georgy Zhukov (1968)

"Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov (1896-1974) - (Russian: Гео́ргий Константи́нович Жу́ков), was a career officer in the Red Army of the Soviet Union, who became Chief of General Staff, Deputy Commander-in-Chief, Minister of Defence and a member of the Politburo. During World War II he participated in multiple battles, ultimately commanding the 1st Belorussian Front in the Battle of Berlin.

In recognition of Zhukov's role in World War II, he was allowed to participate in signing the German Instrument of Surrender and to inspect the Moscow Victory Parade of 1945."

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Маршал Жуков (1974) / Marshal Zhukov (1974)





Портрет Анатолия Кузнецова (1967) / Portrait of Anatoly Kuznetsov (1967)

An artist (?)





Сестра Людмила (1967) / A sister Lyudmila (1967)





Портрет сестры с овчаркой (1967) / Portrait of a sister with shepherd dog (1967)





Портрет Лены Асеевой (1974) / Portrait of Lena Aseeva (1974)





Портрет Иосифа Виссарионовича Сталина (1962) / Portrait of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (1962)

"Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (1878-1953) - (birth surname: Jughashvili) was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. Holding the post of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union."

Text by Wikipedia.





Барбаросса / Barbarossa

"Frederick I (1122–1190), also known as Frederick Barbarossa, was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death. He was elected King of Germany at Frankfurt on 4 March 1152 and crowned in Aachen on 9 March 1152. He became King of Italy in 1155 and was crowned Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV on 18 June 1155. Two years later, the term sacrum ("holy") first appeared in a document in connection with his Empire. He was later formally crowned King of Burgundy, at Arles on 30 June 1178. He got the name Barbarossa from the northern Italian cities he attempted to rule: Barbarossa means "red beard" in Italian; in German, he was known as Kaiser Rotbart, which has the same meaning.

Historians consider him among the Holy Roman Empire's greatest medieval emperors. He combined qualities that made him appear almost superhuman to his contemporaries: his longevity, his ambition, his extraordinary skills at organization, his battlefield acumen and his political perspicuity."

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Портрет Наполеона (1967) / Portrait of Napoleon (1967)

"Napoléon Bonaparte (1769-1821) - (born Napoleone di Buonaparte) was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the Revolutionary Wars. As Napoleon I, he was Emperor of the French from 1804 until 1814, and again in 1815. Napoleon dominated European and global affairs for more than a decade while leading France against a series of coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars. He won most of these wars and the vast majority of his battles, building a large empire that ruled over continental Europe before its final collapse in 1815. Often considered one of the greatest commanders in history, his wars and campaigns are studied at military schools worldwide. He also remains one of the most celebrated and controversial political figures in Western history. Napoleon had an extensive and powerful impact on the modern world, bringing liberal reforms to the numerous territories that he conquered and controlled, especially the Low Countries, Switzerland, and large parts of modern Italy and Germany. He implemented fundamental liberal policies in France and throughout Western Europe. His lasting legal achievement, the Napoleonic Code, has been adopted in various forms by a quarter of the world's legal systems, from Japan to Quebec."

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Old June 17th, 2016 #78
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Konstantin Vasilyev (IV)



A few names of the picture. I do not know which one is correct.

Один\Вотан\Вотан - верховный бог древних скандинавов (1969) / Odin\Wotan\Wotan - the supreme god of the ancient Scandinavians (1969)





Заклинание огня (1969) / Spell of the fire (1969)





Валькирия над сраженным воином (1971) / Valkyrie near the dead warrior (1971)





Валькирия над сраженным воином (1971) / Valkyrie near the dead warrior (1971)





Валькирия над сраженным воином (1971) / Valkyrie near the dead warrior (1971)





Богиня любви Фрейя (1969) / Love Goddess Freya (1969)

"In Norse mythology, Freyja (Old Norse for "(the) Lady") is a goddess associated with love, sex, beauty, fertility, gold, seiðr, war, and death. Freyja is the owner of the necklace Brísingamen, rides a chariot pulled by two cats, keeps the boar Hildisvíni by her side, possesses a cloak of falcon feathers, and, by her husband Óðr, is the mother of two daughters, Hnoss and Gersemi. Along with her brother Freyr (Old Norse the "Lord"), her father Njörðr, and her mother (Njörðr's sister, unnamed in sources), she is a member of the Vanir."

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Карлик Нибелунг Альберих (1969) / Nibelung dwarf Alberich (1969)

"The German Nibelungen — with the corresponding Old Norse form Niflung (Niflungr; pl. Niflungar) — is the name in Germanic and Norse mythology of the royal family or lineage of the Burgundians who settled in the early 5th century at Worms.

The vast wealth of the Burgundians is often referred to as the Niblung or Niflung hoard. In some German texts Nibelung appears instead as one of the supposed original owners of that hoard, either the name of one of the kings of a people known as the Nibelungs, or — in variant form Nybling — as the name of a dwarf. In Richard Wagner's opera cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen (1848-1874), Nibelung denotes a dwarf, or perhaps a specific race of dwarfs."


"In the Middle High German Nibelungenlied, Alberich is a dwarf, who guards the treasure of the Nibelungen, but is overcome by Siegfried. News of the gold robbery and ring of power incited gods and giants alike to action. The giants Fafner and Fasolt demanded the ring in payment for building Valhalla, and carried off Freyja as a hostage. In the border, the gods, Odin, Frigg, Loki, Freyr, and Thor all search despairingly for the hidden treasure."

Texts by Wikipedia.





Зигмунд перед боем (1969) / Sigmund before the fight (1969)

"In Norse mythology, Sigmund is a hero whose story is told in the Völsunga saga. He and his sister, Signý, are the children of Völsung and his wife Hljod. Sigmund is best known as the father of Sigurð the dragon-slayer, though Sigurð's tale has almost no connections to the Völsung cycle."

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Встреча Зигмунда с Хундингом (1969) / Siegmund meets Hunding (1969)

"The Hundings (Old English Hundingas, the "hound-clan") are a legendary tribe or clan in early Germanic sources, mostly mentioned due to their feud with the Wulfings (the "wolf-clan"). In the Poetic Edda, Hunding is a king of the Saxons, slain by Helgi Hundingsbane. The Gesta Danorum mentions a Danish king Helgo who slew Hundingus, king of Saxony, in single combat."

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Вестница смерти Валькирия (1969) / Valkyrie messenger of death (1969)


 
Old June 18th, 2016 #79
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Konstantin Vasilyev (V)



Северный орёл (1974) / Northern eagle (1974)





Человек с филином (1976) / The man with the eagle-owl (1976)





Старец (1968) / Elder (1968)





Нечаянная встреча (1973) / Unexpected meeting (1973)





У чужого окна (1973) / Close to the window of another person (1973)





Гадание (1976) / Divination (1976)





Гадание (1976) / Divination (1976)





Ожидание (1976) / Expectation (1976)





Великан (1975) / The giant (1975)





Северная легенда (1970) / North legend (1970)


 
Old June 18th, 2016 #80
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Konstantin Vasilyev (VI)



Папоротник (1971) / Fern (1971)





Над костром (1970) / On high over the bonfire (1970)





Марийская деревня (1969) / Village of Mari (1969)

"The Mari (Russian: марийцы), are a Finno-Ugric ethnic group, who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama rivers in Russia. Almost half of Maris today live in the Mari El republic, with significant populations in the Bashkortostan and Tatarstan republics. In the past, the Mari have also been known as the Cheremis in Russian and the Çirmeş in Tatar.

The Mari people consists of three different groups: the Meadow Mari, who live along the left bank of the Volga, the Mountain Mari, who live along the right bank of the Volga, and Eastern Mari, who live in the Bashkortostan republic. Almost 60% of Mari lived in rural areas."

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Берег (1971) / A riverside (1971)






Буря (1970) / The storm (1970)





Лесная чаща (1971) / Forest thicket (1971)





Деревня Васюткино (1971) / The village Vasyutkino (1971)





Дорога в Лаишево (1969) / Road in Laishevo (1969)





Ель (1969) / A fir (1969)





Лесная готика (1973) / The Gothic of the forest (1973)


 
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